The process of exchange of O2 from the atmosphere with which gas produced by the cells is called respiration.
Hydrogen
Carbondioxide
Carbonmonoxide
Nitrogen
Which of the following are Lower invertebrates?
Coelenterates
Sponges
Flatworms
All of these
Lower invertebrates exchange O2 with CO2 by?
Active diffusion
Passive diffusion
Facilitated diffusion
None of these
Earthworms transport atmospheric air within the body by using their
Setae
Nephridium
Cuticle
None of these
Which transport atmospheric air within the body by using their tracheal tubes?
Insects
Flatworms
Sponges
All of these
Which of the following are used by aquatic arthropods and molluscus to respire?
Skin
Lungs
Gills
None of these
Which of the following are vertebrates?
Fishes
Frogs
Mammals
All of these
Among vertebrates, which of the following use gills to respire?
Reptiles
Fishes
Birds
All of these
Which of the following respire through lungs?
Birds
Reptiles
Mammals
All of these
Which of the following is a cartilaginous box that helps in sound production and hence called the sound box
Pharynx
Larynx
Trachea
None of these
During swallowing glottis can be covered by a thin elastic cartilaginous flap called
Trachea
Epiglottis
Bronchi
None of these
At which level trachea divides into right and left primary bronchi
7th thoracic vertebra
5th thoracic vertebra
5th cervical vertebra
7th cervical vertebra
Each bronchi undergoes repeated divisions to form the secondary and tertiary bronchi and bronchioles ending up in very thin terminal bronchioles. Wwhether this statement is true or false?
True
False
Each terminal bronchiole gives rise to a number of very thin, irregular walled and vascularised bag-like structures called
Lungs
Pleura
Alveoli
Bronchi
The part starting with the external nostrils up to the terminal bronchioles constitute the
Conducting part
Exchange part
The thoracic chamber is formed laterally by
Vertebral column
Sternum
Ribs
Diaphragm
The thoracic chamber is formed ventrally by
Vertebral column
Sternum
Ribs
Diaphragm
The thoracic chamber is formed dorsally by
Vertebral column
Sternum
Ribs
Diaphragm
The thoracic chamber is formed on the lower side by
Vertebral column
Sternum
Ribs
Diaphragm
What is the shape of the diaphram?
Triangle
Spherical
Dome
None of these
The anatomical setup of lungs in thorax is such that any change in the volume of the thoracic cavity will be reflected in the lung (pulmonary) cavity. Such an arrangement is essential for breathing, as we cannot directly alter the pulmonary volume. Whether this statement is true or false?
False
True
The movement of air into and out of the lungs is carried out between the lungs and the atmosphere by creating
Pressure gradient
Volume gradient
Time gradient
All of these
Inspiration can occur if the pressure within the lungs (intra-pulmonary pressure) is slightly above than the atmospheric pressure.
True
False
What happens to diaphram during inspiration?
Contracts
Relaxes
Contraction of diaphragm increases the volume of thoracic chamber in which axis?
Antero-posterior axis
Dorso-ventral axis
Antero-lateral axis
None of these
The contraction of ________ muscles lifts up the ribs and the sternum
External inter-costal
Internal inter-costal
Diaphram
All of these
We have the ability to increase the strength of inspiration and expiration with the help of additional muscles in the abdomen. Whether the statement is true or false?
True
False
Healthy human breathes how many times per minute?
8-10 times
15-18 times
12-16 times
21-23 times
The volume of air involved in breathing movements can be estimated by using a
Stethescope
Spirometer
Thermometer
ECG
Tidal Volume =
1200 ml
3000 ml
500 ml
2500 ml
Healthy man can inspire or expire approximately how much of air per minute ?
2000 to 3000 ml
4000 to 5000 ml
6000 to 8000 ml
1200 to 1800 ml
Additional volume of air, a person can inspire by a forcible inspiration is called
Tidal Volume
Inspiratory Reserve Volume
Expiratory Reserve Volume
Residual Volume
Volume of air remaining in the lungs even after a forcible expiration is called
Tidal Volume
Inspiratory Reserve Volume
Expiratory Reserve Volume
Residual Volume
Expiratory Reserve Volume =
500 ml
2500 to 3000 ml
1100 to 1200 ml
1000 to 1100 ml
Volume of air that will remain in the lungs after a normal expiration is called
Inspiratory Capacity
Functional Residual Capacity
Expiratory Capacity
Vital Capacity
The maximum volume of air a person can breathe in after a forced expiration is called
Inspiratory Capacity
Expiratory Capacity
Functional Residual Capacity
Vital Capacity
Which are the primary sites of exchange of gases?
Larynx
Pharynx
Trachea
Alveoli
Pressure contributed by an individual gas in a mixture of gases is called
Partial pressure
Positive pressure
Negative pressure
None of these
What is the partial pressure of oxygen in alveoli?
40 mmHg
90 mmHg
104 mmHg
35 mmHg
How many percent of O2 is transported by RBCs in the blood?
60%
75%
50%
97%
Each haemoglobin molecule can carry a maximum of how many molecules of O2?
Two
Four
Ten
Six
What is the shape of oxygen dissociation curve?
U curve
Inverted U curve
Sigmoid curve
J curve
In the alveoli, where there is high pO2, low pCO2, lesser H+ concentration and lower temperature. The above factors are all favorable for the formation of
Oxyhaemoglobin
Carbaminohaemoglobin
Methylhaemoglobin
None of these
100 ml of oxygenated blood can deliver how much of O2 to the tissues under normal physiological conditions?
15 ml
25 ml
5 ml
30 ml
When the pCO2 is low and pO2 is high as in the alveoli, What happens to carbamino-haemoglobin ?
Association
Dissociation
At the tissue site where partial pressure of CO2 is high due to catabolism, CO2 diffuses into blood (RBCs and plasma) and forms HCO3¯ and H+.At the alveolar site where pCO2 is low, the reaction proceeds in the opposite direction leading to the formation of CO2 and H2O. Whether this statement is true or false?
True
False
100 ml of deoxygenated blood delivers approximately how much of CO2 to the alveoli?
10 ml
4 ml
5 ml
2 ml
Which of the following is called Respiratory rhythm center?
Medulla
Pons
Cerebellum
All of these
Which of the following is called Pneumotaxic center?
Medulla
Pons
Hypothalamus
None of these
Neural signal from this centre can reduce the duration of
Expiration
Inspiration
A chemosensitive area is situated adjacent to the rhythm centre which is highly sensitive to
CO2
O2 and hydrogen ions
CO2 and hydrogen ions
None of these
In which condition difficulty in breathing causing wheezing due to inflammation of bronchi and bronchioles
Emphysema
Asthma
Lung cancer
None of these
Which of the following condition is a chronic disorder in which alveolar walls are damaged due to which respiratory surface is decreased